Cissing is globules or misses in the paint film where it has not adhered to the substrate. Painting greasy or very smooth shiny surfaces causes it, or finishing over an oily undercoat. Thoroughly washing and rinsing the substrate can prevent it as well as a light sand to remove the shine.
Flaking
Flaking is paint or varnish lifting away from the surface in flakes because of a breakdown of the adhesion. It occurs when painting damp surfaces, especially timber, or painting powdery surfaces. To prevent this ensure that all the surfaces are completely dry and that the correct sealer and preparation has occurred.
Flashing
Flashing is patches of uneven sheen with semi gloss finishes. It is caused by not keeping a wet edge while applying the paint. To prevent this keep a wet edge and ensure that the air temperature and movement meet the specifications and the correct equipment, brushes etc are being used and the coating system is as required.
Rain Spotting, Cratering
Rain Spotting, Cratering is craters or holes on the surface of a dry paint film. It is caused by rain falling on a wet film, condensation or dew on a wet film. To prevent this always check the weather conditions before commencing to paint. Avoid painting in high humidity.
Rivelling
Rivelling is wrinkles occurring in the paint film as it dries. It happens because the paint has been applied too thickly. To prevent it, ensure that the paint is applied to the normal film thickness.
Saponification
Saponification is a sticky paint film that is oozing with a brown soapy liquid. Applying an oil paint on new alkali surfaces or applying paint to surfaces that are likely to be splashed by alkali solutions causes it. To prevent this seal the substrate with an alkali resistant paint or latex paint or chemically resistant paint.
Sinkage
Sinkage is the failure of a paint or varnish to keep up its original shine or sheen. Applying the paint over insufficiently sealed absorbent surfaces, or using the wrong paint system causes it. A wet paint film may be affected by damp weather or condensation. To prevent this ensure surfaces are properly sealed, use the correct paint system, and apply paint in the conditions specified on the can.
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