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Design Glossary - V
Valances:
(bed) This neatly covers the base of the bed. It can be tailored with inverted pleats at the corners, which gives a smart appearance or for a more decorative look, gathered or pleated. The weight of the fabric will also determine which style, a sheeting fabric – polyester/cotton blend is more suited to gathered, whereas a heavy textured wool would suit the tailored look.
Valance:
(curtain) This is short curtain at the top of a window, usually a deep frill of fabric framing the window and hiding the curtain track or rod and usually has a gathered or pleated heading.
Value:
is the degree of lightness or darkness of a colour. The intensity, chroma, or saturation. It is known as brightness when using light mixtures, and when using pigments, it can be altered by adding black or white.
Value-Cost Contract:
A cost-reimbursement contract in which the contractor receives a larger fee when his final costs are low than when his final costs are high.
Valve:
A device to open or close a flow (stop valve or stopcock) or to regulate a flow (discharge valve).
Vapour Barrier:
An airtight skin, consisting of rubber-like paint. Metal, roofing felt sheets, etc., bonded together to prevent interstitial condensation.
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A written order from the building owner or representative authorising a change in the contract. Varnish: A resin, asphalt or pitch dissolved in oil or spirit, which dries in air to a transparent protective film. Varnishes are either oil varnishes that dry by oxidation of drying or spirit varnishes. Varnish may be mixed with paint. Put on over it to increase its gloss, or put on unpainted wood. See lacquer.
Bed Valance, neatly covering the base of the bed. Varnish Stain: This product is a pigmented hard varnish, which when applied leaves a coating on the substrate surface. Professionals do not commonly apply it; the home handyman generally uses it. Vault: A room or passage with a. usually, smooth, arched masonry roof, or the roof itself. A room below ground of massive construction for keeping valuables safe from fire and thieves. Vee Joint: A small chamfer on the face edge of matchboards made so that the two boards, when put together form a V at their junction which masks shrinkage and controls the look of the joins edges. I.e. its better to display the join than try to hide it if shrinkage may occur. Vee Roof: The shape formed by two lean-to roofs, which meet at a valley. Velour: (fabric) Durable cut pile fabric. Mercedised cotton warp pile with a plain backing. Uses – Upholstery as it is very hardwearing and smoother than velvet. Velour: (carpet) This carpet has a velvet like surface texture that is achieved by having a uniformly cut pile. Velvet: (fabric) Cut or uncut loop pile. Luxury fabric, rich and luxurious appearance particularly in silk, also woven in cotton or wool. Dense pile woven with two warps – the second is looped and then cut to form the plush pile. Shows wear readily. Genoa velvet – patterned during weaving (expensive process) multicoloured pile, cut or uncut set against a glossy satin background. Gaufrage or Utrecht Velvet – This has patterns branded onto the surface with design etched heated metal cylinders. Velveteen: Cotton or synthetic fibre in velvet-type pile weave. Stronger and more durable than actual velvet, but less luxurious in appearance. Veneer: A thin layer of wood of uniform thickness which may have been sliced, rotary cut, cut half-round, or sawn. Veneered Wall: A wall having a facing attached to the backing, which may be a timber or steel frame. Venetian Mosaic: Terrazzo. Venetian red. Red iron oxide a pigment from Italy. Vent: An outlet for air and water vapour through a ventilating duct, expansion pipe. Verdigris: Green basic acetate of copper formed as a protective patina over copper exposed to the air. It may be of any colour from brown to black in cities. (Faux Finishes) this is the colour that copper and bronze turn with age and unprotected exposure to the elements. It is a blue green shade and it is replicated in a paint effect. Verge Board: rafter, a barge board. Verge: The edge of a sloping roof which overhangs a gable. Vermiculite: A highly insulating lightweight material made by heating a mica found in U S A and South Africa. |
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Vermilion: A brilliant red, slightly orange-coloured pigment composed of mercuric sulphide (HgS), the mineral cinnabar, which was used first in ancient China. Vertical Grain: The edge grain of quarter-sawn wood. Vestibule: An important lobby. Vice: A screwed metal or timber clamp fixed to a workbench and used for holding material being worked.
Vignette Vignette: a running ornament consisting of leaves and tendrils (gothic architecture.) Vinyl (leatherette): (fabric) Has a bonded backing, high wearing, easy to clean. Vinyl: (wallcovering) This is pure vinyl, which is laminated to a paper or linen backing. It can be used anywhere and is well suited to service areas as it is washable and easy to clean.
Vinyl Flooring Vinyl Coated: (wallcovering) Paper with a vinyl or acrylic coating to the face. Either type of finish is extremely hard wearing. Vinyl Flooring: Vinyl polymers are many but this usually means PVC. Vitrified Brick: Bricks which have been fired in the kiln. Hard-burnt bricks may be vitrified. Vitrified Clayware: Drain pipes and fittings fired at about 1100 C, consequently vitrified right through. No surface glaze.
Vitruvian Scroll Vitruvian Scroll: a peculiar pattern of scroll work consisting of convolved undulations. Voile: (fabric) Open, sheer drapery material. Varied colour and patterns.
Volute Volute: a spiral scroll forming the principal characteristics of the ionic capital. Voussior: An arch-stone in a stone arch or an arch-brick in a brick arch. Vulcanised: This is a term used for a material that has been treated with heat and sulphur to improve its durability. |
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